🩺 Hypertension and the Role of Community Health Practitioners

By Dr Peter Onoja
1. Introduction

Hypertension is called the “silent killer” because many people don’t know they have it until it causes stroke, heart failure, or kidney damage.

It is one of the fastest-growing non-communicable diseases, especially in Africa and developing countries.


2. Causes & Risk Factors

Unhealthy diet – too much salt, fried food, and processed meals.

Physical inactivity – lack of exercise.

Obesity.

Alcohol & smoking.

Stress.

Family history / genetics.



3. Community Health Practitioners’ Role in Hypertension Control

1. Health Education

Teaching communities about lifestyle changes (reduced salt, regular exercise, healthy eating).

Raising awareness about dangers of hypertension.



2. Screening & Early Detection

Organizing free BP check-ups in markets, schools, churches, and villages.

Encouraging adults (especially 30+) to check BP regularly.



3. Treatment Support & Monitoring

Following up with patients on prescribed drugs.

Checking compliance (many stop medication when they feel “okay”).



4. Referral System

Referring complicated cases (very high BP, stroke risk) to hospitals.



5. Data Collection & Research

Keeping records of hypertension cases in their communities.

Reporting trends to health authorities for planning.



6. Community Mobilization

Engaging traditional leaders, women groups, and youth to spread awareness.


4. Why Their Role Matters

Many hypertensive patients live in rural areas and may never visit a hospital.

CHPs are the first contact point, so their work determines whether hypertension is controlled or becomes deadly.

Through education, screening, and follow-up, they can prevent stroke, kidney failure, and untimely deaths.



5. Conclusion

Hypertension is preventable and controllable.

With active community health practitioners, fewer people will suffer or die from it.

Their role is not just medical—it is educational, preventive, and life-saving.



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